Database Management System (DBMS) Software Research

Database Management System (DBMS) Software Research 5-2 FINAL PROJECT MILESTONE THREE: DBMS RESEARCH AND RECOMMENDATION DBMS A.Research and Analysis: A database management system (DBMS) software is employed to manage the organization, storage, access, security and integrity of structured data. It could come as a set of flat files stored on computer tape/disk, or it could consist of database tables that are managed by the system. The different types of DBMS products include: relational, network and hierarchical. Currently, the most widely and commonly used type is the Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS). (http://dbms.ca/concepts/types.html). In addition to security, one of the biggest advantages of using a DBMS is that it allows end users and application programmers the access and use of the same data while managing data integrity. Data is better protected and maintained since it can be shared using a DBMS, rather than having to create new iterations of the same data to be stored in new files and for every new application. The centrally stored data can be accessed by multiple users in a controlled manner. However, a DBMS that is required to perform additional work to provide these advantages brings with it the overhead. In other words, a DBMS will use more memory and CPU than a simple file storage system, as well as require different types and levels of system resources. (Rouse). Several DBMS applications are currently available: Oracle, IBM, MySQL, Microsoft SQL, Amazon AWS, FileMaker, Teradata, MaraDB, SAP, Adminer, MongoDB, Ingres, Firebird, PostgreSQL, HP Vertica, Alpha, WizeHive, Apache, TeamDesk and Couchbase to name a few. (http://www.capterra.com/database-management-software/#infographic). For over three decades, the primary operational DBMS has been relational. It continues to be dominated by industry giants such as Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server and IBM DB2. Similarities: Each one having been used for production systems all along proves that the technologies involved in these three market-leading products are sound. For Unix and Linux installations, the primary choices are Oracle and IBM DB2. Oracle is the market leader on these platforms. Although other DBMSes in a Linux partition can be run on the mainframe, IBM is ideal for a large organization with a mainframe. For Windows platform, all three are viable options. Naturally, Microsoft is the clear leader on its own OS. All three of the leading DBMS products are highly rated in terms of performance, application development capabilities, support, ease of use and functionality. (Mullins.) Differences: Oracle: Given its installed base and wide platform support, skilled Oracle Database technicians and developers are readily available.   Likewise, an abundance of tools for Oracle database administration, application development and data movement/management are accessible. In short, the ensured skills and tooling are not an issue with Oracle. (Mullins). Function-wise, Oracle keeps pace with many new and advanced features, e.g., JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) support, temporal capabilities and multi-tenancy. The new Oracle Database In-Memory is an option that uses in-memory columnar technology to enable enterprises to accelerate the performance of their business analytics easily and transparently. (Mullins). Overall, customers give Oracle high marks for performance and availability. However, cost-wise, Oracle has a reputation as being expensive to license and support. Additionally, public opinion indicates that in North America and Europe, Oracle ranked lowest in terms of ease of doing business. (Mullins). IBM DB2: This DBMS is Oracles biggest competitor on Unix and Linux OS. DB2 is additionally available on Windows, z/OS mainframe and iSeries midrange servers. Although skilled DB2 developers and DBAs are likely to be more difficult to hire, compared to Oracle, experienced DB2 professionals are not scarce, albeit there is the need to differentiate by platform (e.g., mainframe DB2 for z/OS skills are different and somewhat more difficult to find than for DB2 for LUW; DB2 SQL is almost identical between the z/OS and LUW platforms.) Likewise, there are several developments, data movement and DBA tools available for this DBMS both from IBM and other independent software vendors (ISVs). (Mullins). Functionally speaking, DB2 is regularly revised and updated with market-leading features, (e.g., JSON support, temporal capabilities, shadow tables and advanced compression). With the DB2 SQL compatibility feature, IBM is able to run Oracle applications in DB2 for LUW, requiring no changes to business logic in the client code, triggers or stored procedures. Additionally, the DB2 includes compression capabilities and column store capabilities. (Mullins). Microsoft SQL Server: Its current version is SQL Server 2016. It runs on Linux and MAC and supports numerous Windows versions. Naturally, there are plenty of skilled SQL Server developers and DBAs, just as there are several available tools supporting development, data movement and database administration both from Microsoft and ISVs. SQL Server licenses come with Analysis Services, Integration Services and Reporting Services that provide functionality. These are typically required add-on tools for the other DBMSes (e.g., Oracle and IBM DB2). These added features enable SQL Server customers to minimize their budget for tooling. (Mullins). Technological- and functional-wise, Microsoft keeps current with the market, (features such as stretch database capabilities for integrating on-premises with cloud, strong encryption capabilities, integration of Hadoop with relational data using the Polybase feature and improved in-database analytics capabilities). Microsoft features Azure, its cloud-integration vision for SQL Server. This includes simplified backup to Azure and the ability to set up an Azure virtual machine as an always-on secondary. (Mullins). However, since Microsoft lacks a database appliance (e.g., Oracles Exadata and IBMs PureData System), Microsoft is not a realistic option if one is looking for as a pure plug-and-play database appliance. However, there are third-party appliances available that embed SQL Server. Additionally, Microsoft offers the Microsoft Analytics Platform System, which is an analytics appliance that integrates SQL Server with data from Hadoop (an open-source software framework used to store data and run applications on clusters of commodity hardware). (Mullins). B. Recommendation: Microsoft Access allows users a way to create desktop databases. It is an easy-to-use tool for quickly creating browser-based database applications. Data is automatically stored in a SQL database, so its more secure than ever, and the applications can easily be shared with colleagues. (https://products.office.com/en-us/access). Access, for its simplicity and ease of use, can be appropriate for the organization. The data can be exported into SQL. Although SQL has a steeper learning curb (compared to Access) and based on the advantages listed above, it is recommended that the organization employ Microsoft SQL Server from the start. This will eliminate the need to learn an entirely new/different software application. Additionally, Access is available for purchase or by subscription only, whereas SQL is free to download and use. SQL has plenty of technical support available. This is essential for the owner and his staff, who lack any technical training or background. Skilled developers are in abundance. They can further enhance or develop the database as needed. In addition to SQLs product dependency and reputation, Microsoft has a practice of further developing its products to meet the demands of the market, to satisfy its customers and to stay in competition. All the above benefits ensure that as the organization grows, the database system can grow along side, without the need to switch. C.Hardware, Software Recommendation: Vince Roberts, the owner of Vinces Vinyl, is not technologically savvy. He requires the most fundamental training. Both recommended software applications provide plentiful online support in the forms of manuals, tutorials and videos. He has been using and is accustomed to a Windows 8 computer. He has no plans to switch to another platform any time soon. With either or both recommended software, he is not required to upgrade his system. Additionally, he is beginning to become familiar with and comfortable using his Android tablet and smart phone. Eventually, he would like to be able to access his database using all available devices and from any location. Both or either cloud-based Access and Microsoft SQL Server data can be accessed through the means available to him.

Biomagnification Lab Report Essay

PROCEDURE The pile of M&M’s represents the phytoplankton population in a lake. The printed â€Å"M† on the candy represents the amount of DDT (in ppm) the algae ingested from pesticide runoff from a nearby agricultural area. There are 100 M&M’s in the pile. Each circle below represents on phytoplankton. Mark the amount of toxin each phytoplankton has ingested. If there is a full â€Å"M† stamped on the candy then that phytoplankton has ingested 1 ppm of DDT, so write â€Å"1† in one of the circles below. If there is no â€Å"M† on the candy then that phytoplankton did not ingest any DDT so write a â€Å"O† in one of the circles below. If there is a partial â€Å"M† on the candy then estimate how much of the â€Å"M† there is. For example, if there is only on hump of the â€Å"M† then that would equal  ½ a unit of DDT ingested by that phytoplankton so you would fill in one of the circles below with  ½. Zooplankton in the lake (population size 20) each eat 5 algae. Move 5 M&M’s into each of the zooplankton cups. Record the amount of DDT each zooplankton has ingested using the instructions from step 1. Write these amounts onto the individual copepod pictures below. Minnows (population size 5) in the lake each eat 4 zooplankton, ingesting energy and the toxin that is stored in the zooplankton as well. Move the correct number of M&M’s from the zooplankton cups into the minnows cups. Record the amount of DDT ingested by each of the small fish onto the fish below using the instructions from step 1 to  calculate the total amount of each fish. Two eels then come along for dinner. One eels eats 2 minnows and the other eel eats 3 minnows. Move the correct number of M&M’s from the minnow cups into the eel cups. Write the amount of DDT ingested by the each eel onto the pictures below. Use the instructions from step 1 to calculate the total amount of DDT for each. Finally, an osprey flies by and eats both eels. Move the correct number of M&M’s from the eel cups into the osprey bowl. Calculate and then write the total amount of DDT ingested by the osprey onto the picture below. OBJECTIVES Visualize the processes of bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Distinguish between the similar concepts of bioaccumulation and biomagnification using a mathematical model. Calculate the amount of energy gained/lost through the energy transfers of a typical food chain. Review trophic level names and energy characteristics. BACKGROUND DDT was the first synthesized insect pesticide that was widely used throughout the globe after the WW II. In the case of numerous African nations, this pesticide proved its soaring popularity due to its primordial ability to fend off disease-carrying mosquitoes. While it still does not change the fact that mosquitoes posed a noteworthy threat to the globe’s health, the situations regarding the contagious Malaria flu reached its peak in African nations. Therefore, naturally, people began to use this pesticide in order to kill off all the mosquitoes within the vicinity of their respective habitats. However, chaotic consequences ensued. The organisms in the numerous African ecosystems began to assimilate toxic substances into their bodies, resulting in greater environmental harm along with enhanced pollutions. One dominant example would be birds. Most species of birds need numerous substantial provisions of calcium in order to lay healthy eggs. However, because of the growing amount of toxins, the eggs won’t hatch properly. And, even if it does, the baby birds will either live to see the next sunrise before their deaths or die immediately. This caused a sharp population decline for bird  species such as Osprey, Brown Pelicans, and Bald Eagles. Fortunately, the American government recognized the potential threat of this pesticide relatively early, responding by banning the commercial use of this organochlorine pesticide. In or der to prevent this situation from blooming into a full-scale crisis, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) was introduced at the Conference of Plenipotentiaries to try and eliminate and/or control the use of DDT and other POPs around the world. This convention received over 150 countries’ consensus, thus banning the use of DDT at all costs. PROCESSING WITH TABLES The above tables represent the total sets of data that I have gathered during my lab. Disregarding the semi-tables that display the process of calculations, the first column of my table depicts the average amount of DDT ingestion for each and every species. Since I knew the formula to get the said data, I was able to process this column with comparably more ease than the other ones. The second column depicts the amount of energy for one  species under each category. For example, only one phytoplankton contains 200 kcal within its body. Likewise, that column of my table depicts the amount of energy that each individual of the species have within their bodies. The next column, column C, shows the total amount of energy for each and every categories through kcal. For instance, there are 100 phytoplanktons in the lake. Each phytoplankton contains 200 kcal of energy within their bodies. Therefore, if you multiply 200 with 100, you get the total amount of energy which is 20000. The last column basically illustrates the name of the trophic level the species belong in this lab. You can see that the phytoplanktons, which are a type of green algae, is the primary produce that supports that entire ecosystem through its ability of photosynthesis. Next, you can see that copepods are the primary producers, or herbivore, that eat the phytoplanktons. The copepods are eaten by a small fish known as the minnows, and they mark the place of the secondary consumers. Next, the eels come as tertiary consumers due to their predation on the minnows. However, the top, or quaternary, consumer would be the osprey in this case. Osprey feeds on eels, and there are no other predators that hunt ospreys in this lab. DATA ANALYSIS Summary of Data Trends Compare the amount of DDT found in the osprey with the amount of toxin found in one phytoplankton. Be specific. Discuss numerical evidence.  The amount of DDT found in the osprey with the amount found in one phytoplankton are vastly different to say the very least. In phytoplankton, the average amount of consumed DDT is about 0.28 ppm. This contrasts greatly to the one measured from the osprey, for they have the total amount of 28 ppm of DDT ingested within its body. While it still does not change the fact that phytoplanktons are the ones who directly consume DDT from their surrounding environment, it is surprising to note that the actual amount of toxins are far less than those of one osprey. The calculations reveal that one osprey have about 10 times more ppm of DDT inside its body than one phytoplankton. This is due to the process of biomagnification, which states that as the predation progresses higher up in the food chain, the amount of absorbed toxins will only augment. Write a paragraph where you compare and contrast what your pyramids tell you. Discuss similarities and difference between the pyramids, above and beyond the obvious. Do the various shaped make sense, given what you know about food chains in general and biomagnifications? Why or why not? First, there are three drawn pyramids: Energy, Typical, and Number. Energy pyramid basically depicts the flow of energy through the food chain using indicative arrows. This will contribute in displaying how the energy is lost and gained as the predation commences. It is obviously important to know the concept of energy pyramid, for it complements the theory that states that the majority of the gained energy is lost in order to maintain metabolism for most of the organisms. Number pyramid depicts the number of each organisms per trophic level. This pyramid is quite interesting because this pyramid is the only one showing the estimated quantity of the organisms in an ecosystem. Notice how many phytoplanktons are required to maintain and feed one osprey. Likewise, there has to be producers of vastly greater numbers in order to sustain only a few of the top consumers. Not only that, but the number of organisms shows a significant decline as the trophic level progresses, proving the fact that each trophic level requires more of its previous trophic level to maintain its population as a whole. A typical ecological pyramid shows the most fundamental relationships through the depiction of a food chain. All it shows are the designated trophic levels such as the producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, and so on. The shapes of the pyramid are usually a triangle. This shapes pretty much works for nearly all the cases. and I believe the shapes depicted by the three pyramids do make sense. To specify, the triangle becomes steeper and narrower as the trophic level progresses. Numerically and diagrammatically, the shape of a triangle will be fit to satisfy all three food pyramids. OBSERVATION During the data that I have collected, a clear augmentation of the amount of toxins are easy to recognize throughout. This is because of the process known as the biomagnification. As you can see from the table, the amount of absorbed toxins are continuously increasing through additional trophic  levels. This undoubtedly demonstrates the said theory while illuminating the fact that DDT is a fat-soluble pollutant, therefore proving it impossibly difficult to secret through waste. My observations state that the amount of acquired energy are dwindling as the trophic level progresses. This is clearly due to the 10% rule, which states that the existing trophic level will only be able to obtain only the 10% of the energy previously obtained by its predecessor. This is due to the fact that energy, once gathered, are extremely expendable by variety of methods. The organisms tend to use most of its gathered energies before being consumed by its predators, therefore bequeathing only a few per centage of its primary energy. With that said, notice how the osprey, the top dog of the food chain, received the most toxin with the least energy. CONCLUSION In conclusion, I have learned that the process of biomagnification along with accumulation can have a dramatic impact on an ecosystem as a whole. Since this lab primarily deemed DDT as the pesticide at hand, I was also able to read the briefed version of its history while understanding the harmful effects it has on the ecosystems and the organisms as a whole. Furthermore, I was also acquainted with a few conceptions in regards to calculating the total energy while at the same time applying the 10% rule for the energy reductions. It was a very worthwhile experience to know how much of a real-world problem these chemical regulations are as well as the everlasting impacts of the fat-soluble pollutants that continue to plague numerous ecosystems even today. Not only that, I learned to visualize the processes of bioaccumulation and magnification while being able to distinguish between the two using both scientific and mathematical models. Finally, even though I am already familiar with th is concept, it was quite refreshing to bring in the names and levels of trophic levels into this lab. I was able to connect the said knowledge directly to the topic that I am dealing right now. With that said, I believe I have gathered more than sufficient information that would aid me in the future regarding the concepts of biomagnification and accumulation. EVALUATION Overall, this was a decent lab that served its purpose of demonstrating the concepts regarding the process of bioaccumulation along with magnification. The lab provided sufficient background information, and the procedures were concise and easy to understand. However, I would like to make it clear that this lab could’ve been more productive and exciting if made online and virtual. Due to the fact that this activity was error-sensitive, the lab itself was very emotionally-provocative. I personally made one big error in regards to counting, and my group was forced to redo the whole counting again in the hopes of getting it finally correct. Frustrated would be the least of what I truly felt during the process of redoing. Therefore, this lab could’ve been shaped into a much better activity if I get to do it with my laptop. This will surely save a lot of time while at the same time be a bit less annoying and tedious. Furthermore, doing this lab on a computer will also grant anyone an easier access to Google Drive or any means of recording medium. Through these basic amenities, I could always jot down things that compose my lab report there and then. Doing this entire lab physically with all the tokens and bowls will be troublesome to say the least. It would be way better if this lab was translated electronically onto a computer.

DAT vs. MCAT Similarities, Differences, Which Test Is Easier

When you’re preparing for a potential career in health care, you might be weighing your options in terms of which standardized test to take. One common question among potential students of health sciences is, â€Å"Should I take the MCAT or the DAT?† The MCAT, or Medical College Admission Test, is the most common standardized test for admission to medical schools in Canada and the United States. Written and administered by the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), the MCAT tests prospective M.D. or D.O. students’ knowledge of the natural, biological, and physical sciences, as well as psychology and sociology. It also tests their critical reading and analytical skills. The MCAT is considered the gold standard for pre-med students across a variety of health care disciplines. The DAT, or Dental Admission Test, is written and administered by the American Dental Association (ADA) for aspiring dental school students. The exam tests students’ knowledge of the natural sciences, as well as their reading comprehension, quantitative, and spatial perception skills. The DAT is accepted by 10 dental schools in Canada and 66 in the U.S.   While the MCAT and DAT are similar in some content areas, they are different in several key ways. Understanding the differences between the two exams will help you decide which one is right for you, your skill set, and your potential career in the health field. In this article, we’ll dig into the differences between the DAT and MCAT in terms of difficulty, content, format, length, and more.   The Major Differences Between the MCAT and the DAT   Here’s a basic breakdown of the major differences between the MCAT and the DAT in practical terms. MCAT DAT Purpose Admission to medical schools in North America Admission to dental schools, primarily in North America Format Computer-based test Computer-based test Length About 7 hours and 30 minutes About 4 hours and 15 minutes Cost About $310.00 About $475.00 Scores 118-132 for each of the 4 sections; total score 472-528 Scaled score of 1-30 Test Dates Offered January-September every year, usually around 25 times Available year-round Sections Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems; Chemical and Physical Foundations of Biological Systems; Psychological, Social, and Biological Foundations of Behavior; Critical Analysis and Reasoning Skills Survey of the Natural Sciences; Perceptual Ability Test; Reading Comprehension; Quantitative Reasoning The DAT vs. MCAT: Content and Logistical Differences   The MCAT and the DAT cover similar general areas in terms of quantitative reasoning, the natural sciences, and reading comprehension. However, there are several notable differences between the exams.   First, the MCAT is far more passage-based than the DAT. This means that test-takers have to be able to read and comprehend passages and answer questions about them quickly, applying their background knowledge of scientific concepts along the way.   Perhaps the biggest content difference between the two exams is in the DAT’s perceptual ability test, which tests students on their two-dimensional and three-dimensional visuospatial perception. Many students consider this to be the most difficult section of the exam, as it’s different from most standardized tests and requires test-takers to use their visual acuity to measure the differences between angles and answer questions about geometry.   Lastly, the DAT is more limited in scope overall. It doesn’t include physics, psychology, or sociology questions, while the MCAT does.   There are also a few logistical differences that make the experience of taking the DAT very different from completing the MCAT. The MCAT is only offered a limited number of times per year, while the DAT is offered year-round. Moreover, you’ll receive an unofficial score report immediately after you finish the DAT, while you won’t get your MCAT scores for around a month.   Also, while there are many more math questions on the DAT than on the MCAT, you can use a calculator while taking the DAT. Calculators aren’t allowed at the MCAT. So if you struggle with doing calculations quickly in your head, the MCAT will likely be more difficult for you.   Which Test Should You Take? Overall, the MCAT is usually considered more difficult than the DAT by most test-takers. The MCAT focuses more on responding to lengthy passages, so you’ll need to be able to synthesize, understand, and analyze written passages quickly to do well on the exam. The DAT is also far shorter than the MCAT, so if you struggle with testing endurance or anxiety, the MCAT may prove to be a bigger challenge for you.   The exception to this general rule is if you struggle with visuospatial perception, as the DAT specifically tests this in a way that few, if any, other standardized tests do. If you have trouble with visual or spatial perception, this section of the DAT may pose a significant challenge.   The biggest difference between the MCAT and the DAT is, of course, the potential career you can pursue. The DAT is specific to admission to dental schools, while the MCAT is applicable to medical schools. Taking the MCAT may take more preparation than the DAT, but you can use it to pursue work in a greater variety of medical disciplines.

The History of Edgar Allan Poe - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 972 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Edgar Allan Poe Essay Did you like this example? My research paper will cover the infamous Edgar Allan Poe. Going into detail about who he was as a person, where his work ethic came from, his name originated from and how he was discovered for his famous work. His name is Edgar Allan Poe. Before his name included Allan he just went by Edgar Poe. Edgar Poe was born January 19, 1809 and was raised in Boston Massachusetts and was known to be the second child to Eliza and David Poe, who were both known actors in their time. As a child Edgar inherited his family financial stability, social inferiority, and their legacy of artistic talent. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The History of Edgar Allan Poe" essay for you Create order Edgars father had a drinking problem when he was younger which led him to abandon him once his little sister Rosalie was born. He was just two years old at that time. To make matters worse, Before Edgar was even three years old his mother Eliza Poe fell very ill with tuberculosis causing her to not make it leaving Edgar an orphan without his mother or father no longer in his life. He was then adopted by a couple named Francis and John Allan, both very wealthy people. This is where Edgar gets his middle name from, now becoming Edgar Allen Poe. His now father John Allan put him through the best schools in town where He excelled in all subjects because he received the best education in Richmond Virginia. In 1825 Edgar attended University of Virginia at Charlottesville but were later told to drop out because of financial complications with his father, leading their relationship to deteriorate. Soon after Edgar left back to his hometown Boston he was then enlisted to leave for the army under the name Edgar Perry at the age of eighteen. After a final break with the Allans Edgar took on a full-time career in literary. Two years of unsuccessful poems he wrote and could not publish he received news that his father John Allan has passed in 1834 which left Edgar financially unstable with no help or guidance because he was left out of his will. In that same year Edgar met a new friend, John Pendleton Kennedy who was a lawyer and writer. He helped Edgars work get noticed which landed him his first job as an editor. He was able to keep this job for two years before venturing out to find better. 1836 Edgar Allan Poe married his youngest cousin Virginia Clemm, who was at the time only thirteen years old. Edgar was judged for the difference in age and how close they were in family, but he didnt let that stop him from reaching his dreams as a writer. In 1837 he then moved around a lot looking for work as an editor after several disagreements with each owner he worked for. He moved to New York first and then Philadelphia. Soon after settling in Philadelphia he landed an editorial staffing job in 1839 where he was able to publish two of his greatest stories Willi-am Williamson and The fall of the house of usher. For the next two years (1840-1842) he has left two companies which were Burtons and Grahams, when he unsuccessfully could not establish his own literary magazine. Between 1842-1844 after Edgar moved back to New York to join the editorial staff of New York Mirror, he published many of his most important stories including The masque of the red death and The pit and the Pendulum In 1845, he achieved popular success with his most famous poem The Raven. In 1846 Edgar got involved in scandal that led his work to stop being published. In 1847 his wife Virginia Clemm health started to decline, and she became very ill and she died. Around this time Edgar could not handle all that was happening to him from the scandal and his wife passing his health started to take a turn for the worst. By 1849 he traveled for the last time to Richmond Virginia to make his last public appearance he was later found unconscious in the streets of Baltimore Maryland and then sent to Washington college hospital where he never recovered and later died. Although Edgar Allan Poe had rough times as a child growing up and losing people closes to him he never gave up being an editor. He was a genius who took his work serious and would do whatever it took to be seen. He took on all jobs and tried his best to be noticed, even when he failed he never let that stop him. He never got the opportunity to witness his work become as popular as it is today because of his unexpected death, but his poems are well the talk of the town, especially Tell-Tale Heart one of his most famous poems read all over. Edgar Allan Poe was too often thought of as an author who made vivid and insignificant horror stories. Edgars personality was often seen as erroneously and maligned. He has been called all names, but because of those myths his work often was not taken seriously. Truth is Edgar Allan Poe both in criticism and in his dark mysterious stories, helped create a literature that made America a cultural force to not be ignored. I enjoyed doing research on Edgar Allan Poe because I knew with all his famous poems there had to be a back story to why he wrote his stories the way he did. Like the Tell-Tale heart, very disturbing poem but it was his way of bringing in an audience and it sure did catch the eyes of a lot of people as well as myself. He told his stories as if they were his life. I would believe they were just by all that he has experienced growing up, but I salute him for not giving up and being a great poet for us all today.

Essay on Death Penalty Capital Punishment and Violent Crime

Capital Punishment and Violent Crime Hypothesis Most Americans are pro-death penalty, even though they dont really believe that it is an effective deterrent to violent crime. Those who are pro-death penalty will remain so, even if faced with the best arguments of anti-death penalty activists and told to assume the arguments were absolutely true. Violent crime Violent crime is a major problem in the United States. According to the ACLU, the violent crime rate rose sixty-one percent nationwide over the last two decades, making America one of the most dangerous countries in the industrialized world to live in. Americans are seven to ten times more likely to be murdered than the residents of most European countries and Japan†¦show more content†¦Six month later, in January 1977, the first execution under the new death penalty laws took place in the United States, ending the moratorium of capital punishment that began in 1967. Since that time, there have been many studies and public opinion polls to determine the effectiveness of the death penalty. When a Gallup poll asked those who were pro-death penalty to explain the reason for their position, most of them said that the death sentence was an effective deterrent of crime, it was more economic than life sentences, it was a moral obligation to the victims families, and it was necessary to bring justice to society. When the same poll asked those who were against the death penalty their reasons to be opposed to capital punishment, they stated that it was wrong to take a life, wrongful convictions may occur, it did not deter crime, it was unfairly applied, rehabilitation was possible and punishment should be left to God. About a year ago, while I was watching a popular television show, I heard a spokesman for Amnesty International claim that when people were told that the death penalty was more expensive than life in prison, a majority polled said they were o pposed to the death penalty. I doubted his assertion, and this was the basis for myShow MoreRelatedCapital Punishment And The Death Penalty1523 Words   |  7 PagesCapital punishment, which can also be referred to as the death penalty, has been around for hundreds of years. Ever since it began, there has been discussions as to whether it is morally correct, and as to whether it actually influences criminals. Some believe that the possibility of being put to death often stops criminals from committing violent crimes. 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There are over half of Americans that support the death penalty while the rest of them believe that it is unacceptable. People who support the death penalty believe that capital punishment lowers future crime rates, but people who are against it believe that it is a cruelRead MoreDeath Penalty On Violent Criminals1520 Words   |  7 Pages28 November 2015 Death Penalty on Violent Criminals The Death penalty, known as capital punishment is when a criminal is executed by a governing authority. We (the United States) continue to allow the death penalty. Many countries make the death penalty illegal. Many discussions over this being legal, moral ethical, and economic ramifications of the death penalty are continuous across the world. Most of the nations have at one time made the death penalty legal for serious crimes. â€Å"Since 1800, theRead MoreProposal Annotated Bibliography Assignment: Capital Punishment1255 Words   |  6 PagesAnnotated Bibliography Assignment: Capital Punishment Proposal Annotated Bibliography Assignment: Capital Punishment By: Richard Dilay Proposal I am proposing writing a research paper on the contemporary issue of capital punishment. While, capital punishment has been outlawed in Canada, it still remains a viable option in most parts of the World, including some areas of the United States. With the recent push by the Stephen Harper government, with their crime agenda initiatives, I feel itRead MoreCapital Punishment And Its Effect On The Economy Of United States1320 Words   |  6 PagesSince ancient times, the death penalty has existed in many forms and was carried out strictly to enforce the laws of society. As society grew more complex, many different factors influenced the development of the death penalty, or capital punishment as it has developed into in the United States. Because of this, controversy about whether or not to have the punishment arose, leading to much debate on the topic. The paper will analyze and observe the Capital Punishment and its influence on the economyRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is The Most Human e And Deserving Punishment1335 Words   |  6 Pagesreceive the death penalty? The punishment for murderers and rapists should be as heinous as the crime they committed. The death penalty is the most humane and deserving punishment that should be dealt. b. Background: It is important to understand that the death penalty predates the Roman and Egyptian empires. It can be traced as far back as ancient Babylon under the reign of King Hammurabi during the 18th century BCE. There has been many definitions and translations of the rules for the death penaltyRead MoreAmerica s Debate On Capital Punishment760 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica’s Debate: Should the Capital Punishment be abolished in the United States? Violent crimes such a murder, rape, sexual assault, and robbery are perpetrated by criminals once every few minutes in this country. Lawmakers spend countless hours enacting laws to prevent these crimes. The introduction of the death penalty is an effort to deter criminals from committing heinous crimes. What exactly does the death penalty accomplish? The best description of the term death penalty is the legal executionRead MoreCapital Punishment : A Cruel And Violent Process1343 Words   |  6 PagesThesis: Capital punishment is a cruel and violent process that is extremely expensive to many taxpayers, discriminating against one s race and well being in justifying cases, and overall has a negative effect on society. I. High in cost A. Life in prison B. Cost of taxes C. Cost of programs II. Discrimination in cases A. Wealth B. Racism III. Violent in application A. Cruel and unusual B. Denial and rights IV. Counters of argument A. Statistics B. Deterrence C. Life Capital punishment is a cruel

One-pager Free Essays

Washington was raised by a single mother and is the youngest of eight children. All of her older siblings and her mother were teen parents. Growing up, she learned what kind of person she wanted to be – pretty much nothing like her siblings. We will write a custom essay sample on One-pager or any similar topic only for you Order Now She was determined to break the stereotype of being a young Hispanic woman who came from a family where teenage pregnancy was the norm. Many of her siblings did not graduate high school and none of them had attended college. As a student who loved school, Gabby as In the top five percent of her graduating class. So when she decided to pretend she was pregnant for six months for her final senior research project, most of her slings were disappointed that she had â€Å"ruined her life. † Cabby’s mother, her boyfriend Jorge, her sister Sonny, and her best friend Salad knew about her project, along with a couple of school administrators and experts who gave her advice on how to have a believable pregnancy. She writes, â€Å"My mall goal was to make my peers take teen pregnancy seriously – if it could happen to me, it could happen to them – and encourage them to make responsible decisions about their bodies and sexuality. † I agree with that statement because it could happen to anyone if they don’t know how to take responsible decisions of themselves. â€Å"Every single one of you has the power to go to college and graduate, and I challenge each of you to take this as an example. You have to fight for what you want in life. You can’t live your life under a stereotype. This quote basically explains the picture I drew in the front. I drew a girl that is a pregnant because Gabby Rodriguez faked a pregnant for her Enron project to teach others not to stereotype others Just by a mistake they have done, and just because that person made one mistake doesn’t mean that person wont continue to fight for what they want in life and achieve their goals they have set lust cause of a mistake, which everyone done plenty of times, so don’t judge or stereotype others if you haven’t been in their shoes. My personal statement about this book is it was actually a really good book. It taught me not to Judge others in any circumstance and also to be bless of what I have in my life because others have it reader and might not have the things I have so I shouldn’t take it for granted. Also it taught me to believe in myself and don’t let anything in the way of what I’m trying to succeed In life. One-pager By denial 113 was in the top five percent of her graduating class. So when she decided to pretend siblings were disappointed that she had â€Å"ruined her life. † Gabby mother, her boyfriend Jorge, her sister Sonny, and her best friend Said knew about her project, to have a believable pregnancy. She writes, â€Å"My main goal was to make my peers take Greer with that statement because it could happen to anyone if they don’t know how this as an example. You have to fight for what you want in life. You can’t live your life done, and Just because that person made one mistake doesn’t mean that person won’t continue to fight for what they want in life and achieve their goals they have set just cause of a mistake, which everyone done plenty of times, so don’t Judge or stereotype others if you haven’t been in their shoes. My personal statement about harder and might not have the things I have so I shouldn’t take it for granted. Also it succeed in life. How to cite One-pager, Papers

Communication Style Of Barack Obama Free Sample

Question: The purpose of this essay is to evaluate the communication style of Barack Obama by observing his speech after become the first black Presidential election. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this essay is to evaluate the communication style of Barack Obama by observing his speech after become the first black Presidential election. This essay consists of summarization of the entire speech of Barack Obama. Furthermore, this essay consists of communication analysis of Barack Obama. In order to analyze the communication style of Barack Obama, this essay emphasizes on how he use language for influencing the audience. The way Barack Obama has communicated with the audience shows that he does not prefer discrimination. Moreover, he can communicate with mass population with assertiveness, which allows him to establish his viewpoint without hurting others point of view. Task 1: Summarizing the speech If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer The victory speech of Barack Obama for being the first black president of United States of America shows that Obama is a person who can influence huge crowd with his communication. In this speech, he stated that he would be the responsible person for clearing all doubts of the citizens regarding democracy. In his speech, he not only mentioned his viewpoint, but also he has spoken from the viewpoint of the crowd. It's the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican, black, white, Hispanic, Asian, Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled. This statement shows that Obama is a person who believes in equality rather than discriminating people. He has mentioned all cultural people in his speech, which influences the crowd effectively. Moreover, he mentioned that Americans are not just a group of red states or blue states people. In addition, he promised a revolutionary change to political environment of America. Obama has also appreciated the people those who has supported him to achieve success. In this occasion, he has mentioned the name of Joe Biden (vice-precedent), Governor Palin and the first lady of United States, Michelle Obama. He has shows the gratitude to the person who helps his to be the first black president of America. He has also shows gratitude to the people who has elected him to achieve this position. Task 2: Use of Language in Obamas Speech Crystal analysis refers to the process in which Devid Crystal has analyzed Obamas speech for identifying its strengths and weaknesses. This analytical tool consists of different features, which helps to understand communication style. In case of Obamas speech, Crystal analysis shows that Obama has used a set of questions at the beginning of his speech (Jennings, Galarza Warner, 2016). This model further describe that an ordinary person can understand until five sequences. However, Obama has reaches to the seven sequences while giving the speech. The starting statement of Obama consists of seven data, the second statement consists of six data and the third statement consists of four data. Following is the features of Crystals analysis in tabular format. Features Discussion Assertive This feature helps to establish own viewpoint without harming others way of thinking. In this speech, Obama shows his assertiveness for influencing the audience. Unbiased The president has shows a non-discriminative approach wile mentioning every group of people. According to Obama, It's the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican, black, white, Hispanic, Asian, Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled. Therefore, it can be said that Obama influences the audience with his unbiased characteristic. Fearless The way Obama has communicated with the audience shows that he has used 7 sequences of sentences. This kind of statements are difficult to understand and therefore, it can be said that Obama has a fearless approach while communicating with mass population. The way Obama has presented the information is difficult to understand. However, Obama has ended the statement with a small sentence tonight is your answer. The linguistic procedure followed by Obama was successfully answered all questions of the crowd. The way he mentioned all the questions of the crowd shows his ability to communicate with each cultural people (Song, Hyunjin, William, 2015). As Obama mentioned, who still doubts, still wonders and still questions helps the audience to clear out all the questions they might have. However, a person could use these phase at once for presenting the statement. However, Obamas communication style refers to the process of addressing all individual while communicating (Gilkerson, Nathan Brian, 2016). While listening to this type of communication, people do not require deeper thinking, as they can easily understand the rationale from the communication of Obama. After summarizing the speech of Obama, it has been determined, that he has mentioned the name of the people those who helped him for holding the first black president of America. The way he mentioned all group of people by continuously using the word and, shows that every group has been contrast with the other or opposite group. In this manner, he shows his ability to addressing each cultural group while communicating with a crowd (Karlsen Enjolras, 2016). However, he has omitted some ands between gay and straight, which is probably for omitting contrast within those groups. He has also applied this theory while mentioning black, white and other group of people (Blumler, 2016). The using of pairs in the initial stage of the speech was very encouraging for the crowd and therefore, it can be said that Obamas speech was just not for conveying information to the people. It was for addressing questions of the crowd my mentioning each group individually. The communication structure used by Obama is known as rhetorical structure in which he has followed a balanced length of the paragraphs. In his second paragraph, he has provided a set of acknowledgement to the people. The sentences used in this section are smaller than the other statement. In this section, rhetorical communication structure is not required and therefore, no such stricture has been used in this section (Bimber, 2015). In this section, Obama has mentioned many personal sequences with very down-to-earth vocabulary. Moreover, Obama has mentioned several sections with different context and the most important part is every context is interesting. The final section of this communication was consisting of thanks giving session, which was probably the end of the communication. However, the communication was not ends and continues to the future aspect of the country. The overall communication was very reciprocating from the viewers point of view (Bimber, 2015). The speech was consists both questions and their relevant answer with proper justification. This kind of verbal communication does not require a second party of communication. In other words, there is no need to build a two-way communication because the speaker is well aware of the other partys doubts and quarries. The way Obama speak to the audience was successfully influences the audience. The audience was simultaneously communicating with Obama by shouting like Yes we can. The final stage of the speech was a bit tricky. It was as the speech was at the end; however, the tail was not ends there. He also mentioned the future aspects of United States of America for encouraging the crowd even more. After reviewing the speech, it can be said that it was the most impactful political speech. Task 3: Commenting on Crystals analysis Crystals Analysis process refers to the five step process in which arrangement, ideas, style, delivery of speech and memory are the major components (Sevenans et al., 2016). The communication of Obama consists of all these components and therefore, it can be said that this analytical theory helps a lot to analyze communication style of Barack Obama. This analytical theory further assists to understand in which extent speech of Obama influences the audience emotionally and cognitively as well. In his speech, Obama has used several sections regarding his personal experience, political view, future development and acknowledgement session. This analytical theory further helps to understand the way in which Obama has used his innovative ideas for making the content more interesting for the audience (Blumler, 2016). Apart from that, the chronological order followed by Obama was very constructive and therefore, it is easy to recall and understand. The acknowledgement section was just for sh owing gratitude to the people who have supported him for achieveving the position he holds. The way Obama has recall his speech without any written script shows that he must have proper knowledge regarding how a speech should be categorized (Gibson et al., 2016). On the other hand, the Crystals analysis process assists to categorize the communication for recalling in an appropriate manner. Evaluating this communication theory is effective for analyzing the way in which Obama has communicated with mass population from diverse culture. Communicating with huge population from diverse cultural group is not an easy thing. Forgetting one particular word may harm sentiment of a group of people (Karlsen, Rune, Bernard, 2016). Therefore, it can be said that Crystals Analysis theory helps to understand how Obama influenced emotional aspects of the audience. The prepositions used by Obama for starting his speech was if and tonight is the answer. It means he was prepared his speech for influencing questions of the crowd followed by answering the same. The Crystals Analysis model fails to analyze whether the answers was answers or just another statement of the elongated speech (Jennings, Galarza Warner, 2016). Obama has mentioned different answers to the audience, which was accepted by the crowd in an effective manner. However, the answers were just another viewpoint, which may lead the discussion further. This process was adopted for avoiding disrespectful statement for any cultural group. After going through the speech of Barack Obama and Crystals Analysis process, it can be said that it helps allot to understand the communication style in an effective manner. It is difficult to state a long sentence. Listeners may face difficulties to follow a long sentence; however, Obama has differently presented long sentences for making the entire statement transparent. Crystals Analysis shows that appropriate use of pause and start makes the entire speech more interesting to the audience (Carpinella, Colleen, Kerri, 2016). Moreover, the arrangement of the ending phases such as tonight is your answer and change has come to America makes the audience engaging towards the speech. The acknowledgement section is hardly commented by Crystal because of its diplomacy of Barack Obama. In this section, he has given his speech in a diplomatic manner. For example, he has mentioned rock of the family and love of his life both while addressing the first lady of America. The use of rock as lo ve is completely belongs from different category and therefore, commenting on a diplomatic statement will not be justified. The Crystals Analysis theory avoided the use of we while celebrating the victory. This particular process influences people emotionally in an effective manner (Iosifidis, Petros, Mark, 2016). Therefore, it can be said that Crystals Analysis helps to identify the cognition of the communication; however, it fails to analyze the emotional aspect of the speech. Task 4: Limitation of focusing on language alone In order to analyze someones speech, it is highly important to focus on the linguistic capacity along with the use of arrangement and ideas. Focusing solely on language is not sufficient for evaluating someones speech. It is very common that someone will use attractive vocabulary. However, it is highly important to consider the ideas Obama has utilized for framing a lengthy speech (Song, Hyunjin, William, 2015). Obama has presented his speech in a constructive manner by arranging the context chronologically. In case of Crystals analysis, he has gone beyond the language of Obama and analyzed the entire speech by considering the ideas. Moreover, considering the use of pause and start helps Crystal to identify the rationale of the context used by Obama (Gilkerson, Nathan Brian, 2016). The most important section of the President is where he has diplomatically addressed his wife. In this section, the president shows the level of diplomacy while acknowledging people. Crystal analyzed all these aspects for identifying the communication process of Barack Obama. Therefore, the analysis shows that Obama has successfully conveyed his information to the audience without harming anyones dignity. The way Obama has used linguistic power to influence the audience is highly effective (Carpinella, Colleen, Kerri, 2016). In order to address every individual from a mass crowd, it is highly important to use appropriate wording. The way Obama started the speech was encouraging and engaging in nature as well. The starting paragraph was for addressing the requirements of the crowd. The discussion ends with the short answer, which is actually for attracting further interest of the audience. Language is defiantly the key element of a constructive speech (Blumler, 2016). However, linguistic capacity is not enough for performing in front of crowd. Moreover, presenting an elongated speech is not possible without support of innovative ideas. For instance, Obama has use d different context for delivering the speech for being the first black president of America. The contexts were categorized as per priority; however, the length of each context was too similar. Therefore, it can be said that the speech conveyed by Obama was not just relying on language; it was a well constructive mixture of language, ideas and categorization. Conclusion After completing this essay, it can be concluded that Barack Obama has successfully conveyed all required information to the audience during the victory ceremony. In this occasion, Obama has used different context in chronological manner for making an impactful effect. Obama has played with efficient language for influencing people in an effective manner. Additionally, Crystals analysis theory shows that Obama just not used linguistic support for communicating with mass population; he has also utilized the power of ideas along with the pause and start skill. This essay shows that Barack Obama has successfully influences the crowd with skillful knowledge in communication. The way Obama has mentioned each cultural group during the speech shows the proper way of delivering speech as a political leader. Reference Bimber, B. (2015). PS 267: Political Communication.Journal of Communication,1, 238-266. Bimber, B. (2015). Whats next? Three challenges for the future of political communication research.New technologies and civic engagement: New agendas in communication, 215-233. Blumler, J. G. (2016). The fourth age of political communication.Politiques de communication, (1), 19-30. Carpinella, C. M., Johnson, K. L. (2016). Visual Political Communication: The Impact of Facial Cues from Social Constituencies to Personal Pocketbooks.Social and Personality Psychology Compass,10(5), 281-297. Gibson, J. L., Pereira, M. M., Ziegler, J. (2016). Updating Supreme Court Legitimacy: Testing the'Rule, Learn, Update'Model of Political Communication.Learn, Update'Model of Political Communication (March 8, 2016). Gilkerson, N. D., Southwell, B. G. (2016). Interpersonal Communication and Political Campaigns.The International Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Communication. Iosifidis, P., Wheeler, M. (2016). Modern Political Communication and Web 2.0 in Representative Democracies: The United States and the British Experience. InPublic Spheres and Mediated Social Networks in the Western Context and Beyond(pp. 95-121). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Jennings, F. J., Galarza, R., Warner, B. R. (2016). Political Communication and Affective Polarization in the 2014 Midterm Elections for the US Senate: The Cases of Iowa, North Carolina, and Georgia. InCommunication and Midterm Elections(pp. 83-97). Palgrave Macmillan US. Karlsen, R., Enjolras, B. (2016). Styles of Social Media Campaigning and Influence in a Hybrid Political Communication System Linking Candidate Survey Data with Twitter Data.The International Journal of Press/Politics,21(3), 338-357. Sevenans, J., Walgrave, S., Joanna Epping, G. (2016). How Political Elites Process Information From the News: The Cognitive Mechanisms Behind Behavioral Political Agenda-Setting Effects.Political Communication, 1-23. Song, H., Eveland Jr, W. P. (2015). The structure of communication networks matters: how network diversity, centrality, and context influence political ambivalence, participation, and knowledge.Political Communication,32(1), 83-108.